Achilles tendonitis is a common overuse injury affecting the Achilles tendon, which connects the calf muscles to the heel bone. This condition often occurs due to repetitive stress and strain, leading to inflammation, pain, and stiffness in the back of the lower leg.
At East Gosford Podiatry, we specialise in diagnosing and treating Achilles tendonitis, offering a range of evidence-based treatments to help you recover and return to pain-free movement. While many cases can be managed with simple at-home care under the supervision of our experienced Central Coast podiatrists, self-care strategies are essential to prevent recurring episodes. More serious cases may result in tendon tears or ruptures that require surgical repair.
What Causes Achilles Tendonitis?
Achilles tendonitis is typically caused by repeated stress on the tendon. Common contributing factors include:
- Increased Activity: A sudden increase in physical activity, such as running, high-impact sports, or intense exercise regimes, can overload the tendon. This is particularly common among athletes who increase their training intensity or frequency too quickly.
- Improper Footwear: Wearing shoes that lack adequate heel and arch support can result in poor shock absorption, increasing strain on the Achilles tendon. High heels, worn for prolonged periods, can also shorten the calf muscles, leading to added tension when switching to flat shoes.
- Tight Calf Muscles: Reduced flexibility in the calf muscles can place additional stress on the Achilles tendon, making it less able to withstand the forces exerted during physical activities such as running or jumping.
Repetitive Movements: Activities that involve repeated use of the Achilles tendon, such as jumping, sprinting, or running on hard or uneven surfaces, can contribute to microtears and inflammation over time.
- Biomechanical Issues: Structural problems, such as overpronation (where the foot rolls inward excessively) or flat feet, can alter the mechanics of walking or running. This increases the workload on the Achilles tendon, leading to overuse injuries.
Age and Wear: As we age, the tendon naturally loses its elasticity and becomes more prone to injury. Degenerative changes, particularly in individuals over 40, can weaken the tendon, making it more susceptible to inflammation and tears.
- Sudden Trauma: Though less common, a sudden injury or blow to the back of the leg can also trigger Achilles tendonitis. This is often seen in sports with quick stops and starts, such as basketball or tennis.
- Improper Training Techniques: Poor form during physical activities, such as running with a heavy heel strike or not warming up adequately before exercise, can contribute to tendon strain.